Salmonella Treatment

Abstract Typhoid fever is an invasive bacterial disease associated with bloodstream infection that causes a high burden of disease in Africa and Asia. Typhoid primarily affects individuals ranging from infants through to young adults. The causative organism, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica  serovar Typhi is transmitted via the faecal–oral route, crossing the intestinal epithelium and disseminating to systemic and intracellular sites, causing an undifferentiated febrile illness. Blood culture remains the practical reference standard for diagnosis of typhoid fever, where culture testing is available, but novel diagnostic modalities are an important priority under investigation. Since 2017, remarkable progress has been made in defining the global burden of both typhoid fever and antimicrobial resistance; in understanding disease pathogenesis and immunological protection through the use of controlled human infection; and in advancing effective vaccination programmes through s

Colds, flu, and most sore throats and bronchitis are caused by viruses. Antibiotics do not help fight viruses. And they may do more harm than good: taking antibiotics when they are not needed - and cannot treat the illness - increases the risk of a resistant infection later. Adblock test (Why?)

Introduction Clostridium perfringens , an opportunistic pathogen that can cause diarrhea and fever in animals and humans, can also be found in raw meat and poultry, in the intestines of animals, and the environment (1). Outbreaks tend to happen in some places that serve large groups of people, such as hospitals, school cafeterias, prisons, because there are various sources of infection, including meat, poultry, and other foods cooked at an unsafe temperature (2). Clostridium perfringens outbreaks occur most often in November and December, which are linked to commonly served food such as turkey and roast beef. Besides, people of all ages can get food poisoning from C. perfringens , and young children and old people are at higher risks of infection (3). Antibiotics have also been used to control the infection by C. perfringens (4). However, the antibiotic-residue positive problem had not been solved due to antibiotic overuse (5). There is an urgent and imminent need to develop novel